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| Very lightly-edited copy-paste from an emailed guide that a customer supplied:
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| <br />
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| {{warning|This guide is currently a work in progress. You should not expect it to work or be correct. Please see the [[Talk:Installing_Gentoo|discussion page]] for some areas where it might be improved.}} | | {{warning|This guide is currently a work in progress. You should not expect it to work or be correct. Please see the [[Talk:Installing_Gentoo|discussion page]] for some areas where it might be improved.}} |
| <br />
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| OK, my guide to running gentoo on bitfolk.
| | {{warning|This guide assumes that you’re already comfortable with Linux in general and Gentoo in particular.}} |
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| It presumes you know a fair bit about linux in general. including using bash, fdisk, making a kernel, etc.
| | ==Installation== |
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|
| I've got a single core machine, 20GB disk, with 500MB RAM VMS. This will work fine on the smallest package of a 10GB disk too. I've done most of my install now, and sitting < 3GB.
| | First thing is to boot in [[rescue]] mode from the Xen shell and to create <code>/mnt/gentoo/</code>. |
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| |
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| I'm also going for a 64 bit OS, feel free to change the various bits to make a 32 bit OS.
| | Then, you can follow the [https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64 official handbook] with those modifications: |
| | | <ul> |
| A lot of this is a summary of http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-amd64.xml, so if you've done Gentoo installs before, you need to know 4 things:
| | <li><code>/dev/sda</code> is <code>/dev/xvda</code></li> |
| | | <li>The IP to configure on eth0 is ${prefix}::2/64 and the gateway is ${prefix}::1. For example, this is my configuration: |
| <ol> | | <pre>config_eth0="85.119.83.7/21 2001:ba8:1f1:f0af::2/64" |
| <li>Your disks are /dev/xvda (main disk) and /dev/xvdb (swap | | routes_eth0="default via 85.119.80.1 |
| disk)</li>
| | default via 2001:ba8:1f1:f0af::1"</pre> |
| <li>You need to enable the following kernel modules (in addition to your normal stuff): | | </li> |
| <pre> | | <li>For IPv4, pick the configuration from the live system</li> |
| | <li>For the kernel configuration, you have to enable the Xen support. Those options worked for me: |
| | <pre>rr2 ~ # grep -i xen /usr/src/linux-4.19.97-gentoo/.config |
| CONFIG_XEN=y | | CONFIG_XEN=y |
| CONFIG_XEN_MAX_DOMAIN_MEMORY=500
| | CONFIG_XEN_PV=y |
| | CONFIG_XEN_PV_SMP=y |
| | CONFIG_XEN_512GB=y |
| CONFIG_XEN_SAVE_RESTORE=y | | CONFIG_XEN_SAVE_RESTORE=y |
| | # CONFIG_XEN_DEBUG_FS is not set |
| CONFIG_XEN_BLKDEV_FRONTEND=y | | CONFIG_XEN_BLKDEV_FRONTEND=y |
| | # CONFIG_XEN_SCSI_FRONTEND is not set |
| CONFIG_XEN_NETDEV_FRONTEND=y | | CONFIG_XEN_NETDEV_FRONTEND=y |
| | CONFIG_INPUT_XEN_KBDDEV_FRONTEND=y |
| CONFIG_HVC_XEN=y | | CONFIG_HVC_XEN=y |
| CONFIG_HVC_XEN_FRONTEND=y | | CONFIG_HVC_XEN_FRONTEND=y |
| | # CONFIG_XEN_WDT is not set |
| | CONFIG_DRM_XEN=y |
| | CONFIG_DRM_XEN_FRONTEND=m |
| CONFIG_XEN_FBDEV_FRONTEND=y | | CONFIG_XEN_FBDEV_FRONTEND=y |
| | # Xen driver support |
| CONFIG_XEN_BALLOON=y | | CONFIG_XEN_BALLOON=y |
| CONFIG_XEN_BALLOON_MEMORY_HOTPLUG=y
| | CONFIG_XEN_SCRUB_PAGES_DEFAULT=y |
| CONFIG_XEN_SCRUB_PAGES=y
| |
| CONFIG_XEN_DEV_EVTCHN=y | | CONFIG_XEN_DEV_EVTCHN=y |
| CONFIG_XENFS=y | | CONFIG_XENFS=y |
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| CONFIG_XEN_GNTDEV=m | | CONFIG_XEN_GNTDEV=m |
| CONFIG_XEN_GRANT_DEV_ALLOC=m | | CONFIG_XEN_GRANT_DEV_ALLOC=m |
| | # CONFIG_XEN_GRANT_DMA_ALLOC is not set |
| | CONFIG_SWIOTLB_XEN=y |
| | # CONFIG_XEN_PVCALLS_FRONTEND is not set |
| CONFIG_XEN_PRIVCMD=y | | CONFIG_XEN_PRIVCMD=y |
| CONFIG_XEN_HAVE_PVMMU=y | | CONFIG_XEN_HAVE_PVMMU=y |
| </pre> | | CONFIG_XEN_HAVE_VPMU=y</pre> |
| <p>It's possible you can trim this little lot down, but that's
| | </li> |
| working</p>
| | <li>Add <code>co:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty hvc0 115200 linux</code> to <code>/etc/inittab</code> for the Xen console</li> |
| <p>You can also trim away a lot of stuff from a standard kernel,
| | </ul> |
| like PCI, power management etc.</p></li>
| |
| <li>In /etc/rc.conf, set rc_sys="xenU"</li>
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| </ol>
| |
| | |
| ==Pre install work==
| |
| # Copy the PASSWORDS file somewhere, so that you have it.
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| # Change the root password (we'll be binning the install soon, but in the interests of security whilst we work)
| |
| # Change your domain DNS to point to the right IP.
| |
| | |
| # Log into the console, look in your PASSWORDS file
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| # Run the [[rescue]] environment.
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| # You'll need the password for the user "user", which is displayed on screen.
| |
| # You can either work off the terminal you are in, or you can now ssh in.
| |
| | |
| ==Layout==
| |
| '''YOU ARE ABOUT THE DELETE EVERYTHING ON YOUR BITFOLK DISKS. STOP UNLESS YOU WANT TO LOSE EVERYTHING!'''
| |
| | |
| <ol>
| |
| <li>Disks are located at /dev/xvda and /dev/xvdb (swap disk) (run fdisk -l to be sure)</li>
| |
| <li>fdisk /dev/xvda, and partition accordingly. | |
| <p>As this is a VPS, we don't really need a /boot partition, so just create 1 partition for /</p> | |
| <p>For completness, I toggled the boot flag on the /boot partition.</p></li>
| |
| <li>Because I like things to be correct, I fdisk'd the swap disk to change the type to 82,
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| <p>"Linux swap / Solaris"</p></li>
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| <li>Filesystem types - I'm going with ext4. Change to suit.
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| mkfs.ext4 -L root /dev/xvdb1
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| </syntaxhighlight></li>
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| <li>
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| mkswap -L swap /dev/xvdb1
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| LABEL=swap, UUID=XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
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| </syntaxhighlight></li>
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| </ol>
| |
| | |
| ==Install==
| |
| A summary of commands to run, with comments on decisions I made. Best advice is to use the gentoo handbook, so that you can make informed decisions yourself, and also have up to date information! Current on 2013-11-07. This is provided just to give some insight.
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| | |
| <ol>
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| <li>Make dirs and mount</li>
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| mkdir /mnt/gentoo
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| mount /dev/xvda2 /mnt/gentoo/
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| mkdir /mnt/gentoo/boot
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| mount /dev/xvda1 /mnt/gentoo/boot
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| | |
| <li>Grab the source code and extract. Change the URL to match current version and arch</li>
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| wget http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/distfiles.gentoo.org/releases/amd64/autobuilds/current-stage3-amd64/stage3-amd64-20131031.tar.bz2
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| tar xvjpf stage3-*.tar.bz2
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| | |
| <li>
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| Make the appropriate edits to CFLAGS in /etc/portage/make.conf
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| Read the guide at http://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/CFLAGS for
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| Make your own decision, but I've got:
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| CFLAGS="-march=corei7 -O2 -fomit-frame-pointer", but make your own decision.
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| If you've only got the basic RAM install (512MB) then make sure you avoid -pipe
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| </li>
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| | |
| <li> | |
| Make the appropriate edits to MAKEOPTS in /etc/portage/make.conf.
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| Make your own decision based on what virtual hardware you have, but I've got 1 core, so have got:
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| "MAKEOPTS="-j2"
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| </li>
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| | |
| <li>
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| Mirror select isn't available in the rescue environment, so here are a couple of good example for the SYNC and GENTOO_MIRRRORS to paste into /etc/portage/make.conf:
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| <syntaxhighlight> | |
| SYNC="rsync://rsync.uk.gentoo.org/gentoo-portage"
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| GENTOO_MIRRORS="http://gentoo.virginmedia.com http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/www.ibiblio.org/gentoo http://mirror.bytemark.co.uk/gentoo http://mirror.qubenet.net/gentoo"
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| </li>
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| | |
| <li>
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| Setup the virtual environment, and chroot in
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| cp -L /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc/
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| mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/proc
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| mount --rbind /sys /mnt/gentoo/sys
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| mount --rbind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev
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| chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash
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| source /etc/profile
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| export PS1="(chroot) $PS1"
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| </syntaxhighlight> | |
| </li>
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| | |
| <li>
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| Update Gentoo
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| emerge-webrsync
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| emerge --sync
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| Read the news. This stuff is useful, and should be read.
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| eselect news read
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| </li>
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| | |
| <li>
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| Basic setup
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| Look at the profile list. I'm sticking with a "server" install, the default.
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| eselect profile list
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| Make any changes to the USE variable. I chose to leave it as is for now.
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| nano -w /etc/portage/make.conf
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| I'm in the UK. Change accordingly.
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/London /etc/localtime
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| echo "Europe/London" > /etc/timezone
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| I like gentoo-sources. You can go with vanilla-sources if you wish, there are others too.
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| emerge gentoo-sources
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| Configure your kernel. See my stuff at the top for essential enables, then the rest is up to you.
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| Probably should look at http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-amd64.xml if you're new to Gentoo.
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| cd /usr/src/linux
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| make menuconfig
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| make && make modules_install
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| cp arch/x86_64/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| Edit your /etc/fstab. Mine is below:
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| /dev/xvda1 / ext4 noatime 1 1
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| /dev/xvdb1 none swap sw 0 0
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| Edit your hostname.
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| nano -w /etc/conf.d/hostname
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| Edit your network settings in /etc/conf.d/net. Mine is below (change your numbers! run ifconfig -a to get them):
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| config_eth0="XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX netmask XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX brd XXX.XXX.XXX"
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| routes_eth0="default via XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX"
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| Change the root password
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| passwd
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| Modify /etc/rc,conf - set:
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| rc_sys="xenU"
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| If you only want a certain language, you can configure it in /etc/locale.gen:
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| en_GB ISO-8859-1
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| en_GB.UTF-8 UTF-8
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| If you do change locales, you need to run:
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| locale-gen
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| Setup your env language in /etc/env.d/02locale
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| LANG="en_GB.UTF-8"
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| LC_COLLATE="C"
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| And update the environment:
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| env-update && source /etc/profile
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| </li> | |
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| </li> | |
| Optional choices
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| I went with the gentoo choices of syslog-ng for syslog, vixie-cron for cron and installing mlocate.
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| You decide.
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| emerge syslog-ng
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| rc-update add syslog-ng default
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| emerge vixie-cron
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| rc-update add vixie-cron default
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| emerge mlocate
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| Guess we want ssh on startup.....
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| rc-update add sshd default
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| </li>
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| | |
| <li>
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| Bootlader.
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| Grub isn't needed. you only need a grub.conf
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| mkdir -p /boot/grub
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| Here's by grub.conf:
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| default 0
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| timeout 0
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|
| |
|
| title Gentoo Linux
| | ==Misc== |
| root (hd0,0)
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| kernel /boot/vmlinuz root=/dev/xvda2
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| </li>
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|
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|
| <li>
| | If you have questions, I’m on the [https://panel.bitfolk.com/fun/ IRC channel] as alarig. |
| All done!
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| Unmount and reboot, and cross fingers! Give it a minute to boot, and then you should be able to ssh in!
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| exit
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| cd
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| umount -l /mnt/gentoo/dev{/shm,/pts,}
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| umount -l /mnt/gentoo{/boot,/proc,}
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| reboot
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| </li>
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| </ol>
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|
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|
| ==Finally==
| | I used https://www.mad-hacking.net/documentation/linux/deployment/xen/pv-guest-basics.xml to know what the Xen options are for. |
| Don't panic if it doesn't work. You can start the rescue environment again,
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| mount the disks, and work out what went wrong.
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| GOOD LUCK!
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Warning: